Self Help For Your Nerves

The subject of self help for your nerves encompasses a wide range of important elements. When do you use 'self' in Python? Are you supposed to use self when referencing a member function in Python (within the same module)? More generally, I was wondering when it is required to use self, not just for methods but for oop - What do __init__ and self do in Python?

In this case, there are some benefits to allowing this: 1) Methods are just functions that happen defined in a class, and need to be callable either as bound methods with implicit self passing or as plain functions with explicit self passing. 2) Making classmethod s and staticmethod s means you want to be able to rename and omit self respectively. What is the purpose of the `self` parameter?

For a language-agnostic consideration of the design decision, see What is the advantage of having this/self pointer mandatory explicit?. To close debugging questions where OP omitted a self parameter for a method and got a TypeError, use TypeError: method () takes 1 positional argument but 2 were given instead. In this context, in the body of the method and got a NameError, consider How can ... php - When should I use 'self' over '$this'?

In PHP 5, what is the difference between using self and $this? Furthermore, when is each appropriate? Why do I get "TypeError: Missing 1 required positional argument: 'self'"?. The self keyword in Python is analogous to this keyword in C++ / Java / C#.

In Python 2 it is done implicitly by the compiler (yes Python does compilation internally). How to avoid explicit 'self' in Python? The "self" is the conventional placeholder of the current object instance of a class. Its used when you want to refer to the object's property or field or method inside a class as if you're referring to "itself". Python class methods: when is self not needed - Stack Overflow.

Furthermore, in Python, every normal method is forced to accept a parameter commonly named self. In this context, this is an instance of class - an object. This is how Python methods interact with a class's state. You are allowed to rename this parameter whatever you please.

but it will always have the same value: What difference does it make to use "self" to define a member in a .... So, in the first method self specifies that Python should use the variable (attribute), that "belongs" to the class object we created, not a global one (outside the class). Difference between 'cls' and 'self' in Python classes?. Why is cls sometimes used instead of self as an argument in Python classes?

For example: class Person: def __init__(self, firstname, lastname): self.firstname = firstname self.